10 7
100 97
1000 997
2000 1999
5000 4999
10000 9973
100000 99991
The corresponding percents are 70, 97. 99.7, 99.95, 99.98, 99.73, and 99.99.
Thus, we can infer that for even numbers greater than 100,000, the largest prime smaller than that number will be about 99% of that number.
So, if we want to find large primes, one way would be to multiply a large even number by 0.99 and using the Miller-Rabin primality test. There is another primality test I have worked on that uses the Collatz Conjecture. It works by using the suspected prime as the seed value for the Collatz Conjecture and then checking to see if the first odd result (that is not a multiple of 5) is prime.
Another way would be to subtract small known primes from the even number and checking if the result is prime.
In the cases of 10,000 and 100,000, the largest prime smaller than either does not form a Goldbach pair. So actually, what we really want to know is: what is the largest prime smaller than an even number that forms a Goldbach pair?
I suspect many such pairs contain 3, 7, 13, 17, etc as the smaller prime.

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